Potential pleiotropic effect of Atorvastatin: bacterial growth inhibitor, in vitro study

Autores/as

  • Pool Marcos Carbajal Universidad Peruana Unión, Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Laboratorio de investigación en Biología Molecular (LIBM), Lima, Perú 2 Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Centro de Investigación de Medicina Tradicional y Farmacología (CIMTFAR), Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7741-0337

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70099/BJ/2024.01.02.5

Palabras clave:

Antibacterials, Atorvastatin, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas ae-ruginosa, pleiotropic

Resumen

The study's objective is to determine the inhibitory effect of Atorvastatin calcium on bacte-rial growth in vitro, which would demonstrate a pleiotropic effect of this compound. It was performed using the paper diffusion technique, in which 3 ATCC strains were tested: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with 6 replicates for each one. The test system consisted of Atorvastatin calcium concentrations of 250 μg and 500 μg; positive control Aztreonam 30 μg, Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 25 μg and Cefoxitin 30 μg and negative control ethanol were also used. Data were processed in Stata v17. The results showed inhibition halos of 6 mm at 250 μg and 500 μg concentrations of Atorvastatin for all experimental samples. In vitro Atorvastatin, at concentrations of 250 μg and 500 μg, showed no inhibitory effect against the bacterial strains studied.

Citas

1. Malhotra HS, Goa KL. Atorvastatin: an updated review of its pharmacological properties and use in dyslipidaemia. Drugs. 2001;61(12):1835-81. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200161120-00012.PMID:11693468.

2. Martínez-González J, Badimon L. Efecto temprano de las estatinas después de un infarto de miocardio. ¿Se debe a los efectos pleiotrópicos? Med Clin (Barc) [Internet]. 2006 [citado el 17 de noviembre de 2023];126(9):334–6. Disponible en: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-medicina-clinica-2-articulo-efecto-temprano-estatinas-despues-un-13085733

3. Ramos-Esquivel A, León-Céspedes C. Efectos no hipolipemiantes de las estatinas. Acta méd costarric [Internet]. 2007 [citado el 17 de noviembre de 2023];49(4):182–9. Disponible en: https://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-60022007000400003

4. Lepe JA, Martínez-Martínez L. Mecanismos de resistencia en bacterias gramnegativas. Medicina Intensiva [Internet]. 2022;46(7):392–402. Disponible en: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0210569122000341

5. Correoso-Salazar S, Bello-Fernández ZL, Pacheco-Pérez Y, Cozme-Rojas Y. Resistencia antimicrobiana en infecciones urinarias en pacientes de edad pediátrica. Rev electrón “Dr, Zoilo E, Mar Vidaurreta” [Internet]. 2022 [citado el 17 de noviembre de 2023];47(3):3077. Disponible en: https://revzoilomarinello.sld.cu/index.php/zmv/article/view/3077

6. Miranda J, Pinto J, Faustino M, Sánchez-Jacinto B, Ramirez F. Resistencia antimicrobiana de uropatógenos en adultos mayores de una clínica privada de Lima, Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica [Internet]. 2019 [citado el 17 de noviembre de 2023];36(1):87.Disponible en: https://www.scielosp.org/article/rpmesp/2019.v36n1/87-92/es/

7. Giono-Cerezo S, Santos-Preciado JI, Morfín-Otero M del R, Torres-López FJ, Alcántar-Curiel MD. Resistencia antimicrobiana. Importancia y esfuerzos por contenerla. Gac Med Mex [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 21 de marzo de 2023];156(2). Disponible en: https://www.gacetamedicademexico.com/frame_esp.php?id=405

8. Lisowska-Łysiak K, Lauterbach R, Międzobrodzki J, Kosecka-Strojek M. Epidemiology and pathogenesis of staphylococcus bloodstream infections in humans: A review. Polish J Microbiol. 2021;70(1):13–23. https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2021-005

9. Mielko KA, Jabłoński SJ, Milczewska J, Sands D, Łukaszewicz M, Młynarz P. Metabolomic studies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019;35(11):1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-019-2739-1

10. Deborah Chen H, Frankel G. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli: Unravelling pathogenesis. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2005;29(1):83–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.femsre.2004.07.002

11. Martin RM, Bachman MA. Colonization, infection, and the accessory genome of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2018;8(JAN):1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2018.00004

12. B. Stockins. Efectos pleiotrópicos de las estatinas. rev Chil cardiol. 2009;28(45):198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-85602009000200008

13. Seifert R, Schirmer B. Problems associated with the use of the term "antibiotics." Vol. 394, Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology. 2021. p. 2153–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-021-02144-9

14. Hennessy E, Adams C, Reen FJ, O'Gara F. Is There Potential for Repurposing Statins as Novel Antimicrobials? Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016 Sep 1 ;60(9):5111–21. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00192-16

15. Guo Y, Song G, Sun M, Wang J, Wang Y. Prevalence and Therapies of Antibiotic-Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2020;10(March):1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00107

16. Jubeh B, Breijyeh Z, Karaman R. Resistance of Gram-Positive Bacteria to Current Antibacterial Agents and Overcoming Approaches. Molecules. 2020;25. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25122888

17. Ko HHT, Lareu RR, Dix BR, Hughes JD. Statins: antimicrobial resistance breakers or makers? PeerJ. 2017;5(10).https://peerj.com/articles/3952/

18. Welsh A-M, Kruger P, Faoagali J. Antimicrobial action of Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. Pathology. 2009;41(7):689–91. https://doi.org/10.3109/00313020903305860

19. Bergman P, Linde C, Pütsep K, Pohanka A, Normark S, Henriques-Normark B, et al. Studies on the antibacterial effects of statins - in vitro and in vivo. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):1–7. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0024394

20. Masadeh M, Mhaidat N, Alzoubi K, Al-azzam S, Alnasser Z. Antibacterial activity of statins: A comparative study of Atorvastatin, Simvastatin, and Rosuvastatin. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2012;11:1–5.https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-0711-11-13

21. Balibar CJ, Shen X, Tao J. The mevalonate pathway of Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 2009;191(3):851–61.https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.01357-08

22. Cullen L, Weiser R, Olszak T, Maldonado RF, Moreira AS, Slachmuylders L, et al. Phenotypic characterization of an international pseudomonas aeruginosa reference panel: Strains of cystic fibrosis (cf) origin show less in vivo virulence than non-cf strains. Microbiol (United Kingdom). 2015;161(10):1961–77. https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.000155

23. Kobayashi T, Ikeda M, Okada Y, Higurashi Y, Okugawa S, Moriya K. Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Recurrent Escherichia coli Bacteremia. Microbiol Spectr. 2021;9(3):1–10.https://doi.org/10.1128/Spectrum.01399-21

24. Wang G, Zhao G, Chao X, Xie L, Wang H. The characteristic of virulence, biofilm and antibiotic resistance of klebsiella pneumoniae. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(17):1–17 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176278

25. Ajith TA, Divya KR. Anin Vitro. Comparative Study on the Antioxidant Activity and Determination of Antibacterial Potential of Atorvastatin and Simvastatin. Pharmaceutical Biology. 2007;45(9):683–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/13880200701574992

26. Haeri MR, White K, Qharebeglou M, Ansar MM. Cholesterol suppresses antimicrobial effect of statins. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. 2015;18(12):1253–6 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4744367/

27. Ichgcp.net.[cited2023Mar21].Availablefrom:https://ichgcp.net/es/clinical-trials-registry/NCT00163202

28. Mennickent S, Departamento De Farmacia C, Bravo M, Calvo C, Avello M. Efectos pleiotrópicos de las estatinas [Internet]. Scielo.cl. [cited 2023 Mar 22]. Available from: https://www.scielo.cl/pdf/rmc/v136n6/art14.pdf

29. Shrestha B, Nath DK, Maharjan A, Poudel A, Pradhan RN, Aryal S. Isolation and characterization of potential antibiotic-producing Actinomycetes from water and soil sediments of different regions of Nepal. Int J Microbiol [Internet]. 2021 [citado el 3 de mayo de 2023]; 2021:5586165. Disponible en: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijmicro/2021/5586165/

Publicado

2024-06-15

Cómo citar

Carbajal, P. M. (2024). Potential pleiotropic effect of Atorvastatin: bacterial growth inhibitor, in vitro study. BioNatura Journal: Ibero-American Journal of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, 1(2), 9. https://doi.org/10.70099/BJ/2024.01.02.5

Número

Sección

Short Communications

Categorías