Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles stabilized with a biodegradable polymer for agricultural applications in the sustainable control of pests and diseases
Authors
-
Luis E. Trujillo
Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y de la Agricultura. Grupo de Biotecnología Industrial y Bioproductos Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas (ESPE), Ecuador. 2 Centro de Nanociencia y nanotecnología (CENCINAT). Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas (ESPE)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0742-9104
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70099/BJ/2024.01.04.23.Keywords:
AgNPs, PVP, nanocomposite, thermogravimetry, thermal stability, White flyAbstract
The world population and the increasing agricultural demand have prompted the need to find sustainable and environmentally safe alternatives to guarantee crop quality and fight against pests. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a promising solution to problems caused by pests due to their insecticidal and bactericidal properties. However, these compounds are unstable and tend to form agglomerates, which causes them to lose their properties, making it impossible to use them as an alternative product to chemical pesticides. This is why a one-step synthesis method for silver nanoparticles using the polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a stabilizing agent was standardized for the first time in this research. The characterization of these AgNPs was carried out by UV-Vis spectrophotometry in which a maximum absorbance peak of 3.25 was observed located at 398 nm wavelength, with particle sizes of 10.8 nm and carbon composition, oxygen, nitrogen, and silver, stable over 326 days. A thermogravimetric analysis also demonstrated the thermal stability of the nanocomposite up to 500 °C. This highly stable nanocomposite was able to control whitefly specimens in different stages present on tomato leaves (Solanum lycopersicum L.) naturally infested under greenhouse conditions after applying 3 different doses of the nanocomposite corresponding to 64, 32, and 16 ppm respectively. The average mortality rate found in these laboratory experiments was 98% after 10 days of nanocomposite application on the infested leaves, although mortality was observed after 24 and 48 hours. Additionally, in a diffusion inhibition assay on agar plates, inhibition of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas syringae and Xanthomonas sp growth was found, with inhibition zones of up to 20 mm. In conclusion, these nanoparticles have the necessary properties to be considered raw material for a potential nano biopesticide for use in organic agriculture as chemical pesticide substitutes.
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CONTRIBUCIÓN DE LOS AUTORES
LT, AJP, PR: Síntesis de nanopartículas, análisis de espectro XPS, escritura de la versión inicial del artículo, análisis estadísticos, VAA: Caracterización UV-Vis y DLS, CC, AI: Ensayos bactericidas, GAC, JAV, PL, LMR: Ensayos bactericidas e insecticidas, LET y CMN: Diseño de todos los experimentos, desarrollo de la formulación del nanocomposito para los bioensayos, ensayos bactericidas e insecticidas, escritura del artículo final.
Financiamiento: Este trabajo se financió parcialmente con fondos del proyecto IdeaBIO SENESCYT 2024-25.
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