The Genetic Unity of Humanity: Rethinking Multiculturalism Through an Evolutionary Lens
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70099/BJ/2025.02.04.11Keywords:
diversidad genética humana, mestizaje, multiculturalismo, evolución humana, cooperación, variación poblacional, biología y sociedad, genética evolutivaAbstract
Contemporary genomic research demonstrates that humans share 99.9% of their DNA, dismantling the biological notion of “race” and revealing that genetic diversity is structured along continuous population gradients. This perspective article integrates insights from evolutionary genetics, anthropology, and political theory to argue that admixture and gene flow have been fundamental drivers of Homo sapiens’ adaptive history, expanding allelic diversity and enhancing population resilience. By linking the molecular unity of the species with its cultural heterogeneity, the analysis contends that multiculturalism—understood as an ethical, political, and social project—is consistent with long-standing evolutionary patterns of cooperation and interdependence. Drawing on the work of Parekh, Nowak, and Sapolsky, it proposes that cooperation, pluralism, and interconnectedness are not merely normative ideals but evolutionarily advantageous strategies. The article ultimately reframes human coexistence as an expression of our shared evolutionary legacy, where diversity, admixture, and genetic fraternity provide a foundation for more inclusive and sustainable societies.
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